A Roentgenographic Study of the Thoraces of New-Born Infants *

of Case Histories* Case 1. B., a white male, was born on December 1, 1932. The mother was 29 years old and had had one previous pregnancy. The mother's mem* As has been stated, the first 1 0 cases are not included in this series since they were used only to establish a satisfactory technic. Twenty-three infants were then examined between January 20 and March 4, 1932 (cases No. 11 to 36, with the exception of cases No. 26 and 34 which were excluded as incomplete). After studying the films thus obtained, 10 more infants were examined between December 1 and 10, 1932. These cases were numbered 1 to 10 and substituted for the original ten. Therefore, the cases are not listed in chronological order. 395 YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE branes were ruptured artificially 15 minutes before delivery which was normal at term, after a labor of about 17 hours. The infant cried spontaneously; the birth weight was 3385 gm. The physical examination was negative; circumcision was done on the eighth day. The infant was discharged on the tenth day weighing 3365 gm. Case 2. H., a white female, was born on December 2, 1932. The mother was 22 years old and had had one previous pregnancy. The mother's membranes ruptured prematurely 9 hours before delivery which was normal at term after a labor of about 5 hours. The infant cried spontaneously; the birth weight was 2700 gm. The physical examination was negative. The infant was discharged on the ninth day weighing 2720 gm. Case 3. B., a white female, was born on December 2, 1932. The mother, a primipara, was 19 years old. Delivery was normal at term after a labor of about 30 hours. The infant cried spontaneously; the birth weight was 3665 gm. The physical examination was negative. The infant was discharged on the ninth day weighing 3530 gm. Case 4. McP., a white female, was born on December 2, 1932. The mother, a multipara, was 40 years old. Her membranes ruptured spontaneously 11 hours before delivery which was by low forceps at term after a labor of about 12 hours. The infant cried spontaneously; the birth weight was 4160 gm. The physical examination was negative. The infant was discharged on the eleventh day weighing 4035 gm. Case 6. O'C., a white male, was born on December 5, 1932. The mother, a multipara, was 32 years old. Her membranes were ruptured artificially 10 minutes before delivery which was normal at term after a labor of 8 hours. The infant's birth weight was 3785 gm. Physical examination was negative except for hypospadias and a stricture of the urinary meatus. There was an unexplained elevation of temperature to 38.60 C. on the third day of life. An operation for dilatation of the urethral stricture was performed on the ninth day, following which the course was uneventful. The infant was discharged on the twelfth day weighing 3660 gm. Case 7. V., a white female, was born on December 8, 1932. The mother, a multipara, was 23 years old. Her membranes were ruptured artificially 6>2 hours before delivery which was normal at term after a labor of 6>2 hours. The infant cried spontaneously; the birth weight was 3145 gm. The physical examination was negative. The infant was discharged on the tenth day weighing 2925 gm. Case 8. K., a white male, was born on December 8, 1932. The mother, a primipara, was 21 years old. Her membranes were ruptured artificially. Delivery was normal at term after a labor of 11 hours. The 396 THORACES OF NEW-BORN INFANTS infant cried spontaneously; the birth weight was 3450 gm. The physical examination was negative; circumcision was done on the ninth day. The infant was discharged on the tenth day weighing 3415 gm. Case 9. McK., a white female, was born on December 8, 1932. The mother, 19 years old, had had one previous pregnancy resulting in a stillbirth. Her membranes were ruptured artificially 10 hours before delivery which was normal at term after a labor of 6 Y2 hours. The infant cried spontaneously; the birth weight was 4090 gm. The physical examination was negative. The infant was discharged on the tenth day weighing 3925 gm. Case 10. S., a white female, was born on December 10, 1932. The mother, a multipara, was 25 years old. Her membranes were ruptured artificially 30 minutes before delivery which was normal at term after a labor of 5 Y2 hours. The infant required slight stimulation to initiate respiration; the birth weight was 2730 gm. The physical examination was negative and except for a fever of 38° C. on the fourth day, the course was normal. The infant was discharged on the tenth day weighing 2860 gm. Case 11. G., a white female, was born on January 20, 1932. The mother, a multipara, was 23 years old. Her membranes were ruptured 15 minutes before delivery which was normal at term after a labor of 6 hours. The infant's birth weight was 2935 gm. The physical examination was negative. Vomiting accompanied by some cyanosis occurred on the third day and the infant was given inhalations of a mixture of 5 per cent CO2 and 95 per cent O2. The infant was discharged on the twelfth day weighing 2740 gm. Case 12. P., a white male, was born on January 20, 1932. The mother, a multipara, was 38 years old. Her membranes ruptured 8 hours before delivery which was normal at term after a labor of 6 hours. The infant's birth weight was 4055 gm. The physical examination was negative. The infant was discharged on the tenth day weighing 3820 gm. Case 13. W., a white female, was born on January 23, 1932. The mother, a primipara, was 24 years old. Her membranes ruptured Y2 hour before delivery which was normal at term after a labor of 5X4 hours. The infant's birth weight was 3240 gm. The physical examination was negative. The infant was discharged on the tenth day weighing 3170 gm. Case 14. T., a white male, was born on January 24, 1932. The mother, a primipara, was 16 years old. Her membranes ruptured 16 hours before delivery which was normal after a labor of 8 Y2 hours. The infant's birth weight was 2960 gm. Physical examination disclosed diminished breath sounds at both apices of the lungs but no rales, intermittent cyanosis 397 YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE and a feeble cry. On examination three hours later the lungs were negative and the color good. The infant was discharged on the tenth day weighing 2795 gm. Case 15. B., a white male, was born on January 25, 1932. The mother, a primipara, was 25 years old. Her membranes were ruptured artificially 10 minutes before delivery which was normal at term after a labor of 14Y2 hours. The infant's birth weight was 3290 gm. The initial examination showed a pale and apathetic infant; breath sounds were slightly diminished at the left apex but no riles were heard. Circumcision was done on the eighth day. There was occasional regurgitation of milk and some frequency of stools. On the twelfth day the infant still seemed pale but the lungs were negative. He was discharged on the twelfth day weighing